Synephrine, a naturally occurring alkaloid, is primarily found in the fruit of *Citrus aurantium*, commonly known as bitter orange. This compound shares structural similarities with epinephrine (adrenaline) and ephedrine, which are known for their stimulant properties. Traditionally, bitter orange has been used in various cultures for its perceived medicinal properties, including digestive support. In modern contexts, synephrine has gained attention as a dietary supplement, particularly for its potential role in weight management and athletic performance.
Bitter orange has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine and as a flavoring agent. Its fruit extract, standardized for synephrine content, is now marketed in various forms, including capsules, powders, and as an ingredient in multi-ingredient supplements. While often associated with weight loss, research on synephrine's efficacy and safety is ongoing, necessitating a careful review of available evidence. (PubChem, Examine.com)
Deep dive
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Known interactions
Category rule: glp1 × supplement
Note
GLP-1 medications slow stomach emptying, changing how/when oral supplements absorb; rapid weight loss raises the importance of protein and micronutrients.
Time oral supplements when nausea is lowest; prioritize protein and micronutrients; discuss with your provider.
Category rule: supplement × medication
Note
Some supplements change how the body processes medications (absorption, liver enzymes, or additive effects).
Specific pairs are checked against a licensed drug database and shown with their own severity. Always confirm with your provider or pharmacist.
Compound-pair rule
Avoid
MAOI blocks catecholamine breakdown; combining with sympathomimetics can trigger hypertensive crisis.
Do not combine.
Compound-pair rule
Avoid
MAOI blocks catecholamine breakdown; combining with sympathomimetics can trigger hypertensive crisis.
Do not combine.
Compound-pair rule
Avoid
MAOI blocks catecholamine breakdown; combining with sympathomimetics can trigger hypertensive crisis.
Do not combine.
Sources referenced
- PubChem
- Examine.com
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS)
- DrugBank
- Mayo Clinic
- Cochrane Library
Stackwise compiles summaries from publicly available scientific and regulatory references. Always verify important decisions with a licensed clinician.
Related compounds
Others in the supplement category or studied for the same goals.
