Copper (Cu) is an essential trace mineral, meaning the body needs it in small amounts for various physiological functions. It is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement. Copper plays a crucial role in maintaining health, participating in processes ranging from energy production to immune function. The body does not produce copper, so it must be obtained through diet. The adult human body typically contains about 50 to 120 mg of copper, primarily stored in the liver, brain, heart, and kidneys. Maintaining an appropriate balance of copper is important, as both deficiency and excessive intake can lead to health problems. (National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH ODS))
Deep dive
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Known interactions
Compound-pair rule
Note
Ongoing high zinc intake can lower copper because they compete for absorption.
If supplementing zinc long-term, watch copper; many people balance the two.
Compound-pair rule
Note
High-dose zinc (>40 mg/day) long-term can lower copper status.
Include 1–2 mg copper daily when supplementing zinc >30 mg/day for extended periods.
Compound-pair rule
Note
Long-term high-dose zinc lowers copper.
Consider a small copper supplement when using high-dose zinc >4 weeks.
Frequently asked
Sources referenced
["National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH ODS)", "PubChem", "MedlinePlus", "U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) label", "European Medicines Agency (EMA) Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"]
Stackwise compiles summaries from publicly available scientific and regulatory references. Always verify important decisions with a licensed clinician.
Related compounds
Others in the mineral category or studied for the same goals.